Day Centers Sprout Up, Luring Fit Elders and Costing Medicaid
By NINA BERNSTEIN
In New York, the
institutions, intended to save the state money, have undergone a vast
expansion and are serving many older people who are not impaired.
美國發展中的制度 值得觀察 :
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An Adult Day Care Center, also commonly known as adult day services, is a non-residential facility that supports the health, nutritional, social support, and daily living needs of adults in professionally staffed, group settings.[1] Adult day services centers serve as an emerging provider of transitional care and short-term rehabilitation following hospital discharge. Most centers operate 10 – 12 hours per day and provide meals, meaningful activities, and general supervision. Operations in adult daycare centers are often referred to as social models (focusing on socialization and prevention services) and/or a medical model (including skilled assessment, treatment and rehabilitation goals).
Day care centers may focus on providing care only for persons with a specific chronic condition such as Alzheimer's disease and related dementias, or their services may be available for any adult with disabilities. Many centers maintain a nurse on-site and devote a room for participants to have vital signs checked, and receive other health services from a medical assistant/nurse when needed. They may also provide transportation and personal care as well as support groups for caregivers.
According to the 2010 MetLife National Study of Adult Day Services, there is one direct care worker for every six participants, facilitating individualized, person-centered care and enabling staff to care for increasingly complex needs.[2] Nearly 80% of adult day centers have a nurse on staff, nearly 50% have a social worker on staff, and approzimately 60% offer case management services.[3]
Participation in adult day centers may prevent re-hospitalizations and may delay admission to residential long-term care. For participants who would otherwise stay at home alone, the social stimulation and recreational activities may improve or maintain physical and cognitive function. For caregivers, adult day centers provide respite care, enabling caregivers to work or to have a break from their caregiving responsibilities.[4]
More than 5,000 adult day centers are operating in the United States providing care for more than 260,000 older Americans each day.[5] Almost three-quarters of all adult day centers (71%) are operated as nonprofit organizations, and 16% are affiliated with the public sector.[6] Daily fees for services are almost always less than a home health visit and about half the cost of a skilled nursing facility. Daily fees for adult day services vary depending upon the services provided. Average daily fees across the country are approximately $62.[7] Funding for adult day services comes from participant fees, third party insurance, and public and philanthropic sources.
See also
デイケアセンター
デイケアセンター (Day care center) とは、デイケアを行うために設けられた専門の施設で、在宅の高齢者や精神障害者などの療養者が、昼間の通所で治療、リハビリテーションを受けることのできる場である。概要 [編集]
精神科の場合、病院は退院できたものの、通常の生活や日常作業に完全に復帰するにはまだ早いといった人たちが、理学療法士、作業療法士などの手を借りて、簡単な作業・娯楽・スポーツなどをしながら、社会復帰のための訓練を受ける。簡単な作業としては、折り紙などの紙細工や陶芸、手工芸、調理などが行われる。日本で初めてのデイケアセンターは川崎市社会復帰医療センター(現・川崎市リハビリテーション医療センター)で1971年に開設された。参考文献 [編集]
- 『精神科デイケアQ&A』日本デイケア学会編著 中央法規出版 ISBN 978-4805826270
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